Study "water, fluid, and electrolye balance", a flashcard deck on FORKSAI.
Define fluid balance.
Fluid balance refers to maintaining the appropriate volume and concentration of the body's intracellular and extracellular fluids. It is crucial for overall homeostasis.
What is the principle of mass balance as it applies to water in the body?
The principle of mass balance states that what is gained must equal what is lost. For water, this means the total water intake should balance the total water output to maintain equilibrium.
Which of the following is NOT considered a body fluid according to the provided notes? A) Blood plasma B) Interstitial fluid C) Cerebrospinal fluid D) Bone marrow
D) Bone marrow. The notes list blood plasma, interstitial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, lymph, and exocrine secretions as body fluids.
Why is the relationship between water and electrolytes considered unique and special for homeostasis?
For homeostasis, both water and electrolyte balance must be maintained. A change in the concentration of one directly influences the concentration of the other, highlighting their interconnectedness.
What are the two main fluid compartments in the body?
The two main fluid compartments are intracellular fluid, which is water and electrolytes enclosed by the cell membrane, and extracellular fluid, which is all fluid outside the cells.
Where is interstitial fluid found?
Interstitial fluid is found in the tissue spaces, making it a component of the extracellular fluid.
What is hydrostatic pressure's role in fluid movement between capillaries and interstitial fluid?
Hydrostatic pressure, particularly in plasma, is higher than that of interstitial fluid, which normally forces water out of the capillary at the arterial end.
How does hypotonic Extra cellular fluid affect a cell?
Hypotonic extra cellular Fluid causes a cell to gain water and swell because the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than inside, leading to water moving into the cell by osmosis.
What is obligatory water loss?
Obligatory water loss is the minimum amount of urine that must be produced each day, irrespective of fluid intake, to prevent the buildup of toxic substances and electrolyte imbalance.
Which of the following contributes to sensible water loss? A) Sweating B) Expiration C) Urine output D) Metabolic water
C) Urine output. Sensible water loss includes urine output and water lost through feces, which are measurable losses.