Dermatology flashcards

All 15 cards

1. Card 1

   A 35-year-old registered nurse tested positive for Latex allergy via a prick test. Based on potential cross-reactions, which food should this patient avoid?

   • A. Apple
   • B. Mango
   • C. Avocado (correct)
   • D. Carrot

2. Card 2

   What is the most likely diagnosis for a 25-year-old woman who shows a positive patch test to Fragrance mix I at 30 minutes and 72 hours, but negative at 48 hours?

   • A. Contact urticaria
   • B. Irritant contact dermatitis
   • C. Allergic contact dermatitis (correct)
   • D. Contact urticaria and allergic contact dermatitis

3. Card 3

   A 40-year-old housewife presents with hand eczema that improves when she avoids housework. She uses gloves. What is the most likely chemical cause of her symptoms related to the gloves?

   • A. Latex
   • B. Diazolidinylurea
   • C. Carbamate (correct)
   • D. Ethylenediamine

4. Card 4

   What is a common cause of pigment purpuric reactions?

   • A. Tropical wood eg. eucalyptus
   • B. 9-bromofluorene use in laboratory
   • C. Color developer CO2
   • D. PPD (correct)

5. Card 5

   A patient has allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to nail polish. Which ingredient should they avoid?

   • A. Acrylate
   • B. Thimerosal
   • C. Tixocortol-21-pivalate
   • D. Tosyl-amide/formaldehyde resin (correct)

6. Card 6

   Which phenomenon is considered similar to the 'Paraben paradox' in allergic contact dermatitis?

   • A. Cobalt
   • B. Lanolin (correct)
   • C. Propolis
   • D. Triclosan

7. Card 7

   What is the inciting agent responsible for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by garlic?

   • A. Allicin (correct)
   • B. Capsaicin
   • C. Protoanemoni
   • D. Isothiocyanate

8. Card 8

   Which substance can cause a false positive result in a patch test for Fragrance mix I?

   Sorbitan sesquioleate can cause a false positive result in a patch test for Fragrance mix I. This is an important consideration when interpreting patch test results for fragrance allergies.

9. Card 9

   What is the most common preservative that can cause eyelid dermatitis in a 75-year-old male with a history of multiple eye drops and artificial natural tears?

   The most common preservative that can cause eyelid dermatitis in this scenario is benzalkonium chloride. Preservatives like benzalkonium chloride, found in eye drops and contact lens solutions, are known sensitizers that can lead to contact allergy, particularly in the sensitive skin of the eyelids.

10. Card 10

    A 25-year-old woman working in a cold storage industry developed painful erythematous nodules on her fingers, diagnosed as pernio. What is the first-line treatment for this condition?

    • A. Colchicine
    • B. Nifedipine (correct)
    • C. Prednisolone
    • D. Pentoxyphylline

11. Card 11

    How does nifedipine work in the treatment of pernio, and what is its reported efficacy?

    Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker that has been found to be efficacious for the treatment of pernio. In a double-blind study, nifedipine (20 mg daily) prevented relapses in all treated patients, while all placebo-treated patients developed new lesions. It is effective in about 70% of patients with pernio.

12. Card 12

    Which of the following substances can cause an allergic contact dermatitis when used to bind glass fibers?

    • A. Potassium dichromate
    • B. Mercaptobenzothiazole
    • C. Resins (correct)
    • D. Gold sodium thiosulfate

13. Card 13

    A patient with formaldehyde hypersensitivity should be advised to use which type of fabric to avoid treated materials?

    • A. Polyester (correct)
    • B. Rayon
    • C. Cotton
    • D. Cotton mix

14. Card 14

    What is the most likely allergen responsible for fingertip eczema involving the thumb, forefinger, and third finger of the non-dominant hand, especially if it's worse in winter and improves on holiday?

    • A. Avocado
    • B. Cashew nut
    • C. Garlic (correct)
    • D. Mango

15. Card 15

    Explain the interpretation of photopatch tests for exogenous chemical-induced photosensitivity, distinguishing between photoallergy, contact allergy, and combined reactions.

    In photopatch tests, if a reaction occurs only on the irradiated site (UVA exposure), it indicates photoallergy. If a reaction occurs only on the non-irradiated site, it suggests contact allergy. If reactions occur on both irradiated and non-irradiated sites, it signifies a combined contact allergy and photoallergy.

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