Histria – Resumo para Estudo flashcards

All 11 cards

1. Card 1

   What was the primary goal of the Cultural Renaissance, and during which centuries did it occur?

   The Cultural Renaissance was an artistic, scientific, and cultural movement that took place between the 14th and 16th centuries. Its main objective was to recover the knowledge of Greco-Roman culture, emphasizing reason, science, and the human being.

2. Card 2

   Explain the concept of 'Humanism' as a characteristic of the Renaissance.

   Humanism was a key characteristic of the Renaissance that involved the valorization of the human being and knowledge. It shifted focus towards human potential and achievements rather than solely divine matters.

3. Card 3

   Why did the Cultural Renaissance primarily begin in Italy?

   The Cultural Renaissance began in Italy due to several factors: Italy's wealth from commerce, its existing contact with works of Classical Antiquity, and the financial support provided by wealthy families, known as 'mecenas', to artists and scientists.

4. Card 4

   Describe the role of 'mecenas' during the Renaissance.

   Mecenas were wealthy individuals, including bourgeois, nobles, and members of the Church, who financed artists, writers, and scientists. Their financial support was crucial for the production of many important works during the Renaissance.

5. Card 5

   What were the main characteristics observed in Renaissance art?

   Renaissance art was characterized by the use of perspective, realism, equilibrium, and the accurate proportion of the human body in its works. These elements contributed to a more naturalistic and harmonious representation.

6. Card 6

   What significant scientific advancement emerged during the Renaissance, and who was responsible for it?

   A major scientific advancement during the Renaissance was the heliocentric theory, proposed by Nicolau Copérnico. This theory posited that the Sun, not the Earth, is at the center of the Solar System.

7. Card 7

   What were the primary causes that led to the Reformation Protestant movement?

   The main causes of the Reformation Protestant movement included the sale of indulgences, corruption within the clergy, the excessive power held by the Church, and the interest of kings and the bourgeoisie in diminishing the Church's authority.

8. Card 8

   Who initiated the Reformation Protestant movement, and what was his key action in 1517?

   Martinho Lutero initiated the Reformation Protestant movement. In 1517, he published his 95 Theses, which primarily criticized the sale of indulgences and argued that salvation was achieved through faith, not by purchasing forgiveness.

9. Card 9

   What were the core principles of Luteranism?

   The main principles of Luteranism included salvation by faith, the Bible as the sole source of religious authority, and the rejection of the sale of indulgences.

10. Card 10

    Explain the concept of 'Antropocentrismo' as it relates to the Renaissance.

    Antropocentrismo was a central characteristic of the Renaissance, signifying a shift where humanity became the focus of attention. This meant that human values, achievements, and capabilities were emphasized over divine or supernatural concerns.

11. Card 11

    Who was the founder of Calvinism, and what was its main idea?

    Calvinism was founded by João Calvino. Its main idea was Predestination, which held that God had already chosen who would be saved.

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