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India flashcards

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  1. Card 1

    How did India come under British rule between 1818 and 1840?

    India came under British rule through a combination of persuasion, wars, and treaties during this period.

  2. Card 2

    What significant event occurred in 1857 that marked the first sign of unrest in the British Indian army?

    The year 1857 saw the first sign of mutiny within the British Indian army, signaling growing discontent against British rule.

  3. Card 3

    What was the initial aim of the Indian National Congress when it was founded in 1885?

    The Indian National Congress, founded by the Indian middle class, initially aimed at sharing political power with the British.

  4. Card 4

    How did Mahatma Gandhi influence the Indian political scene starting in 1920?

    Mahatma Gandhi emerged on the political scene in 1920, demanding self-government for India and campaigning using non-violence and civil disobedience.

  5. Card 5

    What role did World War II play in India's independence?

    World War II weakened Britain, making independence for India a reality, which was achieved on August 15, 1947.

  6. Card 6

    When did India become a republic, and what change in leadership did this entail?

    India became a republic on January 26, 1950, establishing a president as its head of state, replacing the King of the UK.

  7. Card 7

    Why was Mahatma Gandhi assassinated?

    Gandhi was assassinated when he attempted to use his influence to restore peace during ethnic disturbances.

  8. Card 8

    Describe the structure of India's legislature as outlined in its constitutional provisions.

    India has a bicameral legislature, consisting of two houses: the Lok Sabha (lower house) and the Rajya Sabha (upper house).

  9. Card 9

    What is the term length for the Indian President, and by whom is he elected?

    The Indian President is elected for a five-year term by an electoral college comprising members of Parliament and state legislative assemblies.

  10. Card 10

    What are some of the vast constitutional powers of the President of India?

    The President can dissolve Parliament, declare a state of emergency, rule by decree, and has veto powers, though a veto can be overridden.

  11. Card 11

    How does the President of India interact with the Prime Minister regarding governmental advice and appointments?

    The President acts on the advice of the Prime Minister, whom he appoints, and also appoints ministers recommended by the Prime Minister.

  12. Card 12

    What is the role of the Vice President of India upon the death of the President?

    Upon the death of the President, the Vice President acts for six months, during which time a new president is elected.

  13. Card 13

    Who is the head of government in India, and what is their relationship with the legislature?

    The Prime Minister is the head of government, usually the leader of the majority party, and must maintain the confidence of the legislature.

  14. Card 14

    What is the primary function of the Lok Sabha regarding financial bills?

    Financial bills originate in the Lok Sabha, and if the Rajya Sabha fails to pass such a bill, the Lok Sabha can re-pass it for it to become law without the upper house's approval.

  15. Card 15

    How are members of the Rajya Sabha selected, and what is its role in the Indian government structure?

    The Rajya Sabha has 250 members, 12 appointed by the president, and the rest elected by state legislatures. It oversees the Lok Sabha's work and links national and state governments.

  16. Card 16

    In what significant way does the Indian judiciary depart from the British model?

    Unlike the British model, the Indian judiciary exercises the right of judicial review of legislation and laws, similar to the USA.

  17. Card 17

    What was a major conflict India faced with Pakistan shortly after independence in 1947?

    In 1947, India faced a significant conflict with Pakistan over Tammu and Kashmir, which led to a UN-negotiated cease-fire in June 1948.

  18. Card 18

    When did India experience a border conflict with China, and what was the outcome?

    India had a border conflict with China in 1962, during which India was defeated by China.

  19. Card 19

    How did India get involved in the conflict that led to the creation of Bangladesh?

    In 1971, India aided Bangladesh to secede from Pakistan, playing a crucial role in its independence.

  20. Card 20

    List some of the international organizations India is a member of.

    India is a member of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 20, and BRICS.

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