JOB MAKERE flashcards

All 12 cards

1. Card 1

   What is the primary focus of paediatrics?

   Paediatrics is concerned with the health of infants, children, and adolescents. It focuses on their growth and development to ensure they achieve their full potential as adults.

2. Card 2

   Explain the difference between 'growth' and 'development' in the context of child health.

   Growth refers to a quantitative change, an increase in size and weight of the body or its parts due to an increase in the number and size of cells. Development, on the other hand, is a qualitative change, an increase in complexity and capacity to function optimally in society.

3. Card 3

   What are some contemporary societal dynamics that influence paediatric care?

   Contemporary societal dynamics influencing paediatric care include changes in parenting styles, the nature and structure of families, breakdown of traditional family systems, eating habits, level of activity, information acquisition means, adoption of western cultures, and technical advancements.

4. Card 4

   At what age does an infant typically double their birth weight and triple it?

   An infant typically doubles their birth weight by 4-5 months of age and triples it by 10-12 months of age.

5. Card 5

   Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of growth and development?

   • A. It is a continuous and predictable sequence.
   • B. It is an orderly process, occurring sequentially.
   • C. It is uniform throughout life with steady progression. (correct)
   • D. There are wide individual differences in growth and development.

6. Card 6

   Describe the cephalocaudal and proximodistal patterns of growth and development.

   Cephalocaudal development proceeds from head to toe, meaning development occurs first in the head region and then progresses downwards. Proximodistal development proceeds from inward to outward, meaning development occurs first in the central parts of the body and then extends to the extremities.

7. Card 7

   What is meningitis and what are its common causative organisms?

   Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, most commonly the pia and arachnoid matters. The main causative organism is Neisseria meningitidis (meningococci), but it can also be caused by pneumococci, salmonella, staphylococci, viruses, and mycobacterium tubercle bacilli.

8. Card 8

   What are the pre-disposing factors for meningococcal meningitis?

   Overcrowding and poor ventilation are the main pre-disposing factors for meningococcal meningitis, as the micro-organisms are primarily transmitted through inhalation.

9. Card 9

   A 7-month-old infant is admitted. Based on the provided formula, what would be their approximate weight?

   • A. 6 kg
   • B. 7 kg
   • C. 8 kg (correct)
   • D. 9 kg

10. Card 10

    What are some key considerations for effective communication with an adolescent patient?

    For adolescents, it is vital to prepare them one week before procedures, provide respect and privacy, and use appropriate medical terminologies. It is also important to use creative methods to explain experiences, listen to their ideas, and provide attentiveness, acceptance, and freedom without trivializing their concerns.

11. Card 11

    List some of the potential complications of meningitis.

    Complications of meningitis can include meningococcal septicaemia, hypostatic pneumonia, peripheral circulatory shock, adrenal damage, and central nervous system issues such as hydrocephalus, cranial nerve palsies, mental retardation, subdural effusions, deafness, blindness, and epilepsy.

12. Card 12

    What is the recommended drug therapy for meningitis?

    Drug therapy for meningitis typically involves a combination of antibiotics such as crystalline penicillin (300mg/kg/day intravenously or intramuscularly) and Chloramphenicol (100mg/kg/day intramuscularly). Phenobarbitone (5mg/kg/day) is also advised for convulsions. Ampicillin injection may be given in combination with chloramphenicol and benzyl penicillin.

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