Histoire Bloc 2 flashcards

All 20 cards

1. Card 1

   Which of the following best describes the primary purpose behind the foundation of Ville-Marie (Montréal) in 1642?

   C. To establish a religious mission for evangelization. Ville-Marie was founded with a primary objective of spreading the Catholic faith and converting Indigenous populations.

2. Card 2

   What was the main economic activity associated with a 'comptoir' model of colonization, as opposed to a 'peuplement' model?

   A. Fur trade. A comptoir focused on rapid profit through the fur trade, typically involving single men, whereas peuplement aimed at building a permanent society.

3. Card 3

   The Cent-Associés company, granted a monopoly in 1627, failed in which of its primary responsibilities, leading to its abolition by the King?

   B. Populating New France. The company prioritized profits from the fur trade and did not effectively fulfill its mandate to bring settlers to the colony.

4. Card 4

   Under the system of Mercantilism, what was the role of the colony of New France in relation to the métropole (France)?

   D. To provide raw materials like beaver pelts to France, which would then process them and sell finished goods back to the colony. This system prohibited competition and ensured the métropole's economic dominance.

5. Card 5

   In the Royal Government (1663) of New France, which official was primarily responsible for managing the army and diplomatic relations with Indigenous peoples?

   A. The Gouverneur général. This role represented the King and was in charge of military affairs and external relations, particularly with Indigenous nations.

6. Card 6

   Which official in the Royal Government held responsibilities for justice, budget, police, local economy, and population growth?

   B. The Intendant. This position was crucial for the internal administration of the colony, overseeing a wide range of civil and economic matters.

7. Card 7

   What was the primary role of the Évêque (Bishop) within the Royal Government structure of New France?

   C. To direct the Catholic Church, schools, and hospitals. The Bishop was the head of the ecclesiastical structure, managing religious life, education, and healthcare institutions.

8. Card 8

   Jean Talon, as Intendant, implemented several measures to encourage population growth in New France. Which of the following was NOT one of his initiatives?

   D. Granting large land concessions to noble families. While land was distributed, Talon's specific measures for peuplement included bringing Filles du Roy, offering financial incentives for large families, and penalizing bachelors.

9. Card 9

   What was the purpose of the 'Filles du Roy' program introduced by Jean Talon?

   A. To increase the female population and encourage marriage and family formation. These were orphaned women, endowed by the King, sent to New France to marry settlers.

10. Card 10

    Under the seigneurial system, what was the main obligation of the 'seigneur' to the 'censitaires' (settlers)?

    C. To concede lands and construct and maintain a flour mill. The seigneur was responsible for providing land and essential infrastructure like the mill for the censitaires.

11. Card 11

    How were lands typically divided under the seigneurial system in New France?

    B. In narrow strips perpendicular to watercourses. This layout provided each censitaire with access to water for transportation and irrigation.

12. Card 12

    What was a significant consequence for France of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713?

    A. Significant territorial losses, including the cession of Hudson Bay, Newfoundland, and Acadia to the British. This treaty marked a major reduction in French control in North America.

13. Card 13

    The 'Absolutisme divin' principle, central to the French monarchy, implied what about the King's authority?

    D. The King of France held all powers directly from God. This doctrine asserted that the monarch's authority was divinely ordained and therefore absolute.

14. Card 14

    What was the primary economic incentive for the 'censitaire' under the seigneurial system?

    A. To clear and cultivate their land for their own sustenance and profit. While they paid dues, the primary incentive was to establish a farm and provide for their families.

15. Card 15

    The shift from a 'comptoir' to a 'peuplement' strategy for New France signified a change from which of the following?

    B. From focusing solely on quick profits from trade to building a permanent, self-sustaining society. The latter involved encouraging families and long-term settlement.

16. Card 16

    What event is directly associated with the official beginning of the colony of New France in 1608?

    C. The foundation of Québec by Samuel de Champlain. This marked the establishment of a permanent settlement and the formal start of the colony.

17. Card 17

    Why did the King of France ultimately abolish the Cent-Associés company?

    A. Because the company failed to fulfill its mandate to populate New France, prioritizing profits from the fur trade instead. The King was dissatisfied with the lack of settlement progress.

18. Card 18

    The system of Mercantilism, as applied to New France, prohibited which of the following?

    D. Any competition in trade for the colony. The colony was restricted to providing raw materials to the métropole and buying finished goods exclusively from it, preventing local manufacturing or trade with other nations.

19. Card 19

    Which of Jean Talon's measures directly aimed at increasing the birth rate within existing families in New France?

    B. Offering monetary bonuses to large families with ten or more children. This incentive was designed to encourage couples to have more offspring.

20. Card 20

    The fall of New France to the British was a direct result of which major conflict?

    C. The Seven Years' War (1756-1763). This global conflict led to the British conquest and the eventual cession of New France.

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